Typhoid disease is most common in Asia, particularly in Africa. Anyone one who has typhoid can be at risk if not treated early on. It can happen to any people including children and little babies.

What causes the typhoid?

Typhoid is caused by a bacterium salmonella typhi. Such malady can turn into an infectious feverish disease, that can possibly become serious and sometimes, deadly. The bacteria that cause the infection can be passed on to others through food or water. This is the reason everyone should be meticulous with the food or drink he or she is about to ingest.

Since typhoid is a contagious disease, staying away from the carrier is also necessary. Any perceptible signs of the disease should not be taken for granted. For parents who have noticed any of the possible typhoid symptoms in their babies, taking the child to a doctor is recommended.

Preventive Measures

Prevention is always necessary regardless of the disease type. It is even much more important to little babies. Think about the possible distress a baby could suffer from any type of malady that may transpire in his developing immunity. Parents play a vital role in preserving good health to their babies. This can be true by complying with the following preventive measures:

Cleanliness and Proper Hygiene

Cleanliness will help you evade from getting sick. Majority, if not all diseases are influenced by certain type of bacteria or germs that trigger the progression of infection. Observing cleanliness at home, in yourself would help you shun from these disease-causing organisms. Cleanliness would involve foods, drinks and everything that surrounds and resides at home.

Knowing that typhoid is caused by harmful bacteria, proper hygiene is also necessary. Parents with little babies at home should comply with this measure. Being clean could halt the transmission of any kind of bacteria to your little ones.

Proper food preparations and food storage are some of the important things to consider. Improper food storage and preparations can trigger bacteria to emerge, spread and cause the disease. To minimize this risk, clean everything properly and store in a sanitary storage area.

Signs and Symptoms of Typhoid in Babies

There are two stages of typhoid, namely the First and Second stage.

First stage:

At this stage, the baby’s body temperature may rise to forty degree centigrade, gradually. The rise in temperature would be associated with symptoms like vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, coughing, and more sweating. This stage may last a week or more.

Second stage:

When the disease reaches the second stage, the child may develop symptoms of intestinal infection. His body temperature remains high during the second week up to third week. Additional symptoms may be perceived in the second stage of typhoid including diarrhea.

Fever or a very high fever – this denotes typhoid malady. If you see any of the aforesaid indications of typhoid in your child, take him to a doctor right away. Your baby has to be diagnosed early in order to obtain proper treatment.

Antibiotics for typhoid diseases are now available upon doctor’s prescription. Proper hygiene and sanitary are always recommended. Parents can keep their babies from the havoc of typhoid disease by observing cleanliness.

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This disease is known as highly dangerous and harmful infectious virus that is usually responsible of many deaths especially for children aging 3 months to 2 years. This disease is also called as Variola, the word ‘variola’ comes from the Latin word for ‘spotted’. Any person who is infected by this disease may experience some symptoms of it. Thus, prevention would always be the best route to take when it comes to this disease. For babies, immediate medical care is needed when symptoms arise.

Types of Small Pox

Variola major is the most dangerous small pox. Variola major has subtypes; these are Ordinary small pox, Moderate small pox, Flat small pox and hemorrhagic small pox.

• Ordinary small pox—this subtype is the most common among the others, because it appears 90 percent of most cases and cause general rashes together with a very high fever. This is also the type which most of the babies can acquire.
• Moderate small pox—this subtype is a mild one that may only appears to a vaccinated person. Although, it is rare, babies are prone to have this kind of small pox, too.
• Flat small pox and Hemorrhagic small pox—these two subtypes are deadly when they appear at the same time, 30 percent of the victims of this small pox die. But when it comes separately, it is not deadly as it seems.

Variola minor is the most uncommon small pox because it appears only 1 percent in most cases in the world. So if a person experiences this kind of disease, he will not have to worry about, because of effect of this disease is less than those are Variola major.

Stages of Small Pox

There are stages to know the symptoms if the person has small pox or not.

• Non-contagious Incubation Stage—at this stage, you cannot see any symptoms. The period of the incubation is seven up to seventeen days or more. However, babies may become colicky and slow to feed.
• Prodome or Initial Symptoms—at this stage, the symptoms may occur such as high fever, rashes, malaise and sometimes vomiting. This period may last two to five days or even more. Only at this stage that parents may know or have idea about the disease of their babies. Medical care should be given immediately.
• Early Rash Stage—a person may have some growing rashes or some things like pimples starting from the head and spreading throughout the body which is extremely contagious. Staying away from the person with this kind of disease is the best course of action to prevent being infected. The baby may be confined in the hospital for close monitoring.
• Contagious Scab Period—this stage lasts as long as fifteen days after the formation of pustules. It is also during this stage that babies should not be left without someone to watch as the pustules maybe itchy but hurting when scratched.
• The Final Stage—by the time the scrubs are resolute, this is the time that it becomes non-contagious.

Small pox can be contracted by one person to another and passes it to all, by talking face-to-face or by bodily fluids or some contaminated object that can cause this disease. Preventing it is the only way. Vaccines for this kind of diseases are not recommended for children and babies because there may be great risks of side effects.

For babies who have small pox, it is always advisable to be confined in the hospital so that proper medication will be given and safety will be ensured.

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In the United States, nearly four million children are infected with varicella or chicken pox. This happens each year and more than four thousands hospitalization and nearly one hundred deaths each year. Varicella or Chicken Pox is a kind, self-limited, infection that mostly created by a varicella-zoster virus, a herpes virus. Mostly children are the victim of this disease aging three to six years old. So if you have a child at this very age, it is necessary to monitor you him regularly because it is not impossible for your child to have this kind of disease. However, it is also possible that babies aging 6 months to 2 years can be infected with chicken pox, too.

Primary viremia and secondary viremia are two things you have to remember if your child has chicken pox, together with this there are symptoms carried.

• Primary viremia—this is the first time that a person is infected with the varicella-zoster virus. Symptoms may occur such as Headache, anorexia, high fever, and general malaise.
• Secondary viremia—this can only occur if the viral particles are spreading and causing skin blisters due to this virus. Lesions may begin to be visible and start at the chest and spreading throughout the body parts; mostly in Legs, arms, and scalp. These skin lesions begin to appear few days after being infected. General malaise and fever may also emerge causing the lesion to become red maculae.

Children with chicken pox can experience those kinds of symptoms that are mentioned above. Blisters that are caused by this disease are not only appearing at the skin they can also occur inside the mouth, especially, in the throat and in tonsils.

Women who are pregnant with neonate chicken pox can be at risk. Because neonatal varicella can spread the virus across the placenta and it can be dangerous. It is caused by maternal virus infection, pregnant mothers with varicella can make a serious malformation to the fetus and sometimes it can lead to abnormalities.

If your baby has this disease he/she can be at high risk. As parents, make sure that your baby is vaccinated. And if any symptoms caused by the disease start to appear, like fever, do not use aspirin to lower the fever, because it can make it worse and cause Reyes Syndrome, use acetaminophen. Keep your baby hydrated and try to put cover in his/her hands and feet to avoid scratching the skin blisters.

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Tetanus is an infection caused by bacterial toxin that comes from bacterium tetani. Tetanus is a serious disease. Any untreated injury or wound that is infected by tetanus can be deadly. Early treatment should then be necessary to avoid tetanus from transpiring. A person who is suffering from tetanus may encounter symptoms that sometimes result to severe muscle spasms, which can include locking of the jaw. Tetanus infection can transpire to anyone of all ages. Babies are no exception to this.

Different Types of Tetanus

Tetanus infections are classified into two types: (a) Clostridium tetani and (b) Neonatal tetanus.

Clostridium tetani is a gram-positive, anaerobic, spore forming bacteria. This kind of bacteria can be found in manure, agricultural soil, and in feces of animals (like rats, dogs, cats, chickens and guinea pig) which can stay alive up to months or years. This bacterium is resistant and antiseptic, meaning it can still survive from even up to 100 degree centigrade temperature. It carries some bacteria toxin like tetanolysin and tetanospasmin. The one that causes tetanus is tetanospasmin, which acts as neutroxin. Once this disease infects, the person must be brought to the hospital, the earliest time possible.

Neonatal Tetanus is responsible for causing tetanus to potential victims. This kind infection is typically occurring in newborn babies. In some developing countries, some medical equipment are not sterilized. Infantile patients as such the newborn babies may then accrue tetanus because of the un-sterilized blades or knife utilized in cutting of umbilical stump. This is in fact, one of the reasons of the increasing number of babies who died from tetanus infections in these countries.

Signs and Symptoms

If you see any sign or symptom of tetanus from any member of your family, immediate action should be taken. However, tetanus symptoms may not be noticed immediately. It takes time to appear. After a couple of days from bacterial exposure, symptoms may emerge. The first symptom is a jaw spasm, also called lockjaw. The sufferer may experience difficulty in moving his jaw or swallowing foods. It is usually followed by stiffness of the back, neck and abdomen, which causes difficulty of movement. The muscular spasm may expand throughout the body and causes muscle tears. Normal body temperature rises to up to 2 to 4 centigrade, the body starts sweating. And blood pressure rises that sometimes causes heart failure.

To avoid these kinds of disorders, treatment of any minor or major injury, wound and cuts in order to evade from tetanus-causing bacteria to infect. The wounds or cuts must be thoroughly cleaned. Wash it with soap and water, and for a couple of minutes pat it dry. If the wound is deep, a doctor might be needed to give anti-tetanus injections. For little babies, they must be vaccinated. Tetanus vaccines are always available. Booster vaccines for babies and children should be administered every after 10-year. If in case you forget when the last time of vaccination was, tetanus booster DTaP vaccines should be administered as prescribed.

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Rheumatic fever is belongs to the inflammatory disease classification. Such ailment is mostly common in female youth at any age within 6 to 16 years old. But in rare cases, the disease also transpires on little children. This malady may affect other sensitive organs like the heart, skin, the nervous system and the joints.

Rheumatic fever is a very painful illness that usually causes throat disorders. If it is left untreated, it could lead to streptococcal throat infection. Such infectivity would strike the tissues in the back of the throat and in the tonsils. This is the reason why such infection is also referred to as ‘strep throat’. A person experiencing this may suffer from a very painful throat.

Signs and Symptoms

Common indications of rheumatic fever or strep throat on babies include severe sore throat, difficulty in swallowing of foods when eating, high fever, and swollen tonsils. Strep throat also can cause also abdominal pains, headaches and other disorders that can bring discomforts to the sufferers.

Inside the mouth, the tongue may develop some sort of white or yellow spots or sometimes at the back of the throat. This infection or the strep throat is not connected to some other symptoms like coughing, sneezing, or a runny nose, which are colds. The only difference from these two is that antibiotics can treat strep throat and common colds are not. But treating strep throat with antibiotics is also doable. The effectiveness of antibiotics lasts only for two to three days from the day the outbreak begins. But take note, that strep throat may also disappear by itself even without treatment. Mostly strep throat could disappear after seven days.

Common Sufferers

The victims of rheumatic fever are mostly females aging from six to sixteen years of age. But this disease can also transpire on little children. Therefore, close monitoring should be considered to avoid such kind of illness to happen to your child.

Also bear in mind that not all outbreaks of strep throat can cause rheumatic fever. But, by the time rheumatic fever on your baby develops, other infections can also progress. This disease is somehow associated with rheumatic arthritis which has the ability to spread to various body organs, other than the affected spot.

If in case any member of your family, especially the little children apparently develops possible signs and symptoms of rheumatic fever, be sure to see a doctor. Do not wait until the disease gets worse for it may cause severe distress in the later days without proper treatments applied. The symptoms of rheumatic fever appear only a couple of weeks (five weeks) after the untreated strep throat. The victims of this illness may have trouble in breathing, painful chest also develop, short breathing, and a very painful swollen joints. In addition, it can also cause skin rashes starting on the chest, stomach and the back.

If the abovementioned disorders are perceptible on your baby, take him to his doctor to undergo proper diagnosis. Proper diagnosis will lead to the acquisition of the best possible rheumatic fever treatment for your baby.

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